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Frameworks

Server-side web frameworks

Server-side web frameworks (a.k.a. "web application frameworks") are software frameworks that make it easier to write, maintain and scale web applications. They provide tools and libraries that simplify common web development tasks, including routing URLs to appropriate handlers, interacting with databases, supporting sessions and user authorization, formatting output (e.g. HTML, JSON, XML), and improving security against web attacks." - MDN web docs

Backend frameworks allows you to work directly with HTTP requests and responses. Handle coming route requests to the appropriate handler. Helps to access data in the request from client side and simplify database access. Basicly it helps developer to create a server side application.

ASP.NET

ASP.NET is an open source web framework developed by Microsoft for building modern web applications and services.

One of the differentiators for ASP.NET is that it is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET language (C#, Visual Basic, etc.).

It is specially designed to work with HTTP and for web developers to create dynamic web pages, web applications, web sites, and web services as it provides a good integration of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

.NET Framework is used to create a variety of applications and services like Console, Web, and Windows, etc.

CakePHP Framework (PHP Developers)

CakePHP is a free, open-source, rapid development framework for PHP. It’s a foundational structure for programmers to create web applications. Our primary goal is to enable you to work in a structured and rapid manner–without loss of flexibility.

CakePHP takes the monotony out of web development. We provide you with all the tools you need to get started coding what you really need to get done: the logic specific to your application. Instead of reinventing the wheel every time you sit down to a new project, check out a copy of CakePHP and get started with the real guts of your application.

CakePHP has an active developer team and community, bringing great value to the project. In addition to keeping you from wheel-reinventing, using CakePHP means your application’s core is well tested and is being constantly improved.

Deno (JavaScript)

Deno is a simple, modern, and secure JavaScript/TypeScript runtime and framework built on top of Chrome V8 and Rust.

Deno is powered by Tokio — a Rust-based asynchronous runtime which lets it serve web pages faster. It also has internal support for WebAssembly, which enables the compilation of binary code for use on the client-side. Deno aims to fill in some of the loop-holes in Node.js by providing a mechanism that naturally maintains better security.

Deno's features include:

Security by default. Deno modules restrict permissions to file, network, or environment access unless explicitly allowed. TypeScript support out-of-the-box. First-class await mechanism. Built-in testing facility and code formatter (deno fmt) (JavaScript) Browser compatibility: Deno programs that are written completely in JavaScript excluding the Deno namespace (or feature test for it), should work directly in any modern browser. Script bundling into a single JavaScript file. Deno provides an easy yet powerful way to use JavaScript for both client- and server-side programming.

Django (Python)

Django is a high-level Python Web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. Built by experienced developers, it takes care of much of the hassle of web development, so you can focus on writing your app without needing to reinvent the wheel. It’s free and open source.

Django inherited Python’s “batteries-included” approach and includes out-of-the box support for common tasks in web development

Express (Node.js/JavaScript)

Express is a fast, unopinionated, flexible and minimalist web framework for Node.js

Express is the most well-known Web Application framework based on Node.js and one of the most used Web Application framework overall. It is mainly used to develop Web Applications and REST API.

Express is extremely popular, partially because it eases the migration of client-side JavaScript web programmers into server-side development. Express is also a “framework of other frameworks.” Many other frameworks are built on Express.

Express is the most popular and most widely adopted JavaScript Server Side framework. As per GitHub stars, it is the most popular JavaScript back-end framework.

Fiber Framework (Golang Developers)

Fiber is a web development framework for Golang programmers. It is built on top of Fasthttp, the fastest HTTP engine for Go. Fiber is an Express inspired web framework built on top of Fasthttp, the fastest HTTP engine for Go. Designed to ease things up for fast development with zero memory allocation and performance in mind.

Flask (Python)

Flask is a microframework for Python. Micro-framework are normally framework with little to no dependencies to external libraries.

Flask has become extremely popular, particularly for developers who need to provide web services on small, resource-constrained systems (e.g. running a web server on a Raspberry Pi, Drone controllers, etc.)

Hapi

Hapi is a newer framework that abstracts the existing Node API.

Hapi uses plugins to extend its capabilities. Plugins are configured at runtime through code. There is usually a Hapi plugin for every Express middleware component, making Express and Hapi more or less equal regarding capabilities.

Hapi was developed at Walmart to provide a rock solid foundation for their e-commerce business. Now spun out as open source framework with no ties to its originating company, Hapi remains popular for larger projects.

Hapi comes with a large set of separate, but tightly integrated and supported plugins for features like logging, templating, caching, error handling etc. It’s object validation plugin Joi is almost as popular as the framework itself.

Laravel (PHP)

Laravel is a web application framework with expressive, elegant syntax. Laravel attempts to take the pain out of development by easing common tasks used in the majority of web projects.

Laravel is accessible, yet powerful, providing powerful tools needed for large, robust applications.

Laravel is most popular and preferred web development framework over the other PHP based MVC frameworks because of its simplicity, performance, features and scalability.

Mojolicious (Perl)

Mojolicious is a next-generation web framework for the Perl programming language.

Back in the early days of the web, many people learned Perl because of a wonderful Perl library called CGI. It was simple enough to get started without knowing much about the language and powerful enough to keep you going. Mojolicious implements this idea using bleeding edge technologies.

Some of the features provided by Mojolicious are:

A real-time web framework, to easily grow single-file prototypes into well-structured MVC web applications. RESTful routes, plugins, commands, Perl-ish templates, content negotiation, session management, form validation, testing framework, static file server, CGI/PSGI detection, and first-class Unicode support. A full-stack HTTP and WebSocket client/server implementation with IPv6, TLS, SNI, IDNA, HTTP/SOCKS5 proxy, UNIX domain socket, Comet (long polling), keep-alive, connection pooling, timeout, cookie, multipart, and gzip compression support. JSON and HTML/XML parsers and generators with CSS selector support. Very clean, portable and object-oriented pure-Perl API with no hidden magic. Fresh code based upon years of experience, free and open-source.

Ruby on Rails

Rails (usually referred to as "Ruby on Rails") is a web framework written for the Ruby programming language.

Rails is a web application development framework written in the Ruby programming language. It is designed to make programming web applications easier by making assumptions about what every developer needs to get started. It allows you to write less code while accomplishing more than many other languages and frameworks. Experienced Rails developers also report that it makes web application development more fun.

It includes everything needed to create database-backed web applications according to MVC pattern.

Spring Boot (Java)

Spring Boot is one of a number of projects provided by Spring. It is a good starting point for doing server-side web development using Java.

Although definitely not the only framework based on Java it is easy to use to create stand-alone, production-grade Spring-based Applications that you can "just run". It is an opinionated view of the Spring platform and third-party libraries but allows to start with minimum fuss and configuration.

It can be used for small problems but its strength is building larger scale applications that use a cloud approach. Usually multiple applications run in parallel talking to each other, with some providing user interaction and others doing back end work (e.g. accessing databases or other services). Load balancers help to ensure redundancy and reliability or allow geolocated handling of user requests to ensure responsiveness.